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    5 Habits to Avoid If You Want to Age Well

    These factors can cause harm and lead to premature aging

    illustration of cupcake, glass of wine, and cigarette Illustration: Consumer Reports, Getty Images

    To have the best chance at a long, healthy life, most researchers say you should exercise frequently, eat well, sleep sufficiently, and have strong social connections with others. But there are also certain harmful behaviors that you should avoid because they increase risks for disease and premature aging.

    Smoking
    This habit dramatically increases the likelihood of lung cancer, is a major cause of heart disease, and is associated with a 30 to 40 percent higher risk of dementia. (See the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention’s How to Quit Smoking page for tips on kicking the habit.)

    Alcohol
    Light drinking was once considered healthy, but data now suggest that “any alcohol increases risk for cancer and other diseases,” says Jean-Pierre Raufman, MD, chief of gastroenterology at the University of Maryland Medical System in Baltimore. Drinking also has a significant negative impact on memory, and some preliminary research suggests that alcohol may even speed up the aging process. (See CR’s advice on cutting back.)

    More on Healthy Aging

    Inactivity
    Being sedentary hastens the loss of muscle, bone, and cardiovascular fitness, increasing the risk of type 2 diabetes, heart disease, dementia, and cancer. Each week, try for at least two strength training sessions and 150 minutes of moderate cardio exercise (such as brisk walking).

    Insufficient Sleep
    This raises the risks of type 2 diabetes, cardiovascular disease, obesity, and depression. With age, getting the optimal 7 to 9 hours a night can be challenging. Sleep meds are no panacea, so consider seeing a sleep specialist if you need help.

    Processed Food
    Regular consumption of highly processed foods—such as sodas or bagged snacks—may accelerate biological aging. It’s also associated with greater risks of heart problems, diabetes, and cognitive decline. To cut back, fill your plate with whole foods: fruits, vegetables, lean proteins, and whole grains.

    Editor’s Note: This article also appeared in the September 2023 issue of Consumer Reports magazine.


    Head shot image of CRO Health editor Kevin Loria

    Kevin Loria

    Kevin Loria is a senior reporter covering health and science at Consumer Reports. He has been with CR since 2018, covering environmental health, food safety, infectious disease, fitness, and more. Previously, Kevin was a correspondent covering health, science, and the environment at Business Insider. Kevin lives in Washington, D.C., with his wife and children. Follow him on Twitter @kevloria.